In every school community, there are teenagers who bully the weak and outcasts who tolerate it. Sometimes bullying takes on frightening proportions, endangering not only the child's psyche, but also his physical health. This year, the authorities plan to solve this problem. Teachers will now be able to take courses to prevent school bullying. However, neither the Department of Education nor the Moscow City Psychological and Pedagogical University have yet heard about such classes. It turns out that there is a problem, but there are no courses.
Let's try to understand the concepts. “Bullying” means mental and physical violence against a person, as well as coercion to do something. Remember the frightening videos that rocked the Internet: teenagers hitting a classmate, pouring beer over his head, and then making him drink from a puddle.
To solve the problem, this year the city authorities decided to organize special courses for teachers. It is planned that during the classes, teachers will be told how to quickly safely stop bullying weak students in the classroom. “In my opinion, the course should include a prevention program (developing communication skills) and involving children in active witness forms.
It is also necessary to combat social myths. For example, is it believed that if a child is bullied, is it supposedly only good for the emu?! Seemingly offended will then become stronger over time. There is another opinion: children should figure it out on their own. But all these are myths,” he says Kirill Khlomov, Head of the Department for Social and Psychological Adaptation and Development of Adolescents.
It's hard to say whether the above will become classes are an important part of the plan for harmonizing interethnic relations among students. “Really? The situation in educational institutions today has become more complicated: children of different nationalities study in schools. There are more and more visitors. These guys have a different mentality and customs. Many people have a weak Russian language,” says psychologist, ethnic specialist, Leonid Kitayev-Smyk. He believes that such conflicts can be divided into two types: fighting between ethnic groups and bullying of one or more psychologically and physically weak students.
“The first type is more common. If a child of a different nationality comes to class, he doesn't have to become an outcast,” I'm sure Leonid Kitayev-Smyk. In any case, the specialist is sure that courses for teachers to prevent bullying are a timely and very relevant idea. “They have a lot to teach! Teachers with extensive experience have hardly encountered interethnic problems before. In the current situation, unfortunately, they are completely helpless!”
I wonder who said that any teacher can stop attacks on physically weak students? To do this, you must stop the bullying as soon as it does not turn the child into a clogged coward. Unfortunately, many teachers see a difficult, unhealthy psychological situation in the classroom, but they don't react to it in any way. “This is primarily due to the lack of administrative attention. Maybe this is because teachers do not feel the support of the administration,” says Kirill Khlomov. This is unacceptable because the consequences of bullying can be depression, suicide attempts, and problems in adulthood.
“Yes, I saw how long it took to kill one of my students. They really bullied him in class: they beat him, threw things out the window. To be honest, I didn't know how to behave. But I once told the class that this is unacceptable. However, after this conversation, the boy felt even worse. Precisely because his teacher protected him,” says Irina Fedotova, a teacher at a Moscow school. In her opinion, teachers will only benefit from bullying prevention courses. “I hope the classes will give us clear instructions and tell us how to behave in such situations.”
IN Moscow Department of Education we were informed that we do not yet have information on when the above courses will start operating. We were asked to contact Moscow City University of Psychology and Education. However, the Moscow State Pedagogical University did not hear anything about dates and dates. “We don't have any instructions from the department,” he said spokeswoman Lev Kulakov, Moscow City Psychological and Pedagogical University. According to the speaker, “the problem of school bullying has existed for a long time. Now they just renamed it.” It turns out that there is a problem, but there are no courses. Maybe it won't happen at all. And teachers have enough to worry about as it is. It's best not to get involved. Moreover, in the modern information society, bullying has also taken on a virtual form. Teenagers are also being humiliated and intimidated on social media.
Thanks to anonymity on the Internet, the actions of violent teenagers often go unpunished. Attacks on a child can come through social networks, messages, or emails. “One of the most threatening situations is when a stalker publishes information online that puts the victim at risk. For example, she posts an ad on her behalf about finding sexual partners. In addition, so-called sextes can cause shame, anxiety or fear. Sending or publishing photos and videos with naked and half-naked people. The older children are, the more likely they are to be involved in sexting,” they say. Alexandra Bochaver and Kirill Khlomov, authors of the article”Cyberbullying: bullying in the space of modern technologies”.
According to research, 10% of those aged 14 to 24 sent or posted sexually explicit images of themselves. According to Khlomova and Bochaver, the topic of parental control is becoming controversial. “Of course, a child's immersion in the Internet is a challenge to trust, openness, consistency, and honesty in relationships between children and parents. But you need to learn to make decisions independently and consciously, to understand your own and others' motives. The Internet is a platform for developing these skills. The relationship between children and parents is a background and, if appropriate, a resource of support in situations that young people face while socializing online.”
No. 4 (445) dated February 5, 2015 [Arguments of the Week, Daria FILIPPOVA]
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